Immigration Statistics by Country 20-Nation Official DataFiscal · Crime · Education · Demographics
Immigration Factbook compares fiscal, employment, education and crime impact across 20 Western countries using only primary official data from national statistics offices, finance ministries, and international organisations.
PISA 2022 mathematics gap (after ESCS socioeconomic control)
Country
Adjusted gap
Direction
🇫🇮 Finland
−42 pts
Native-born outperform immigrants
🇸🇪 Sweden
−34 pts
Native-born outperform immigrants
🇦🇺 Australia
+26 pts
Immigrants outperform native-born
🇳🇿 New Zealand
+16 pts
Immigrants outperform native-born
Crime statistics (suspect rate ratio, unadjusted)
Country
Ratio
Measure & source
🇩🇪 Germany
3.7×
Non-German vs. German nationals (BKA PKS 2023)
🇩🇰 Denmark
2.6× (age-adjusted)
Immigrants & descendants vs. Danish-origin (DST)
🇸🇪 Sweden
~2.5×
Immigrant background vs. native-born (BRÅ 2021)
🇺🇸 United States
No federal cross-tabulation
FBI UCR / BJS — immigration status not collected
What to watch when comparing across countries
Definitions vary: "Immigrant" means foreign-born in some countries, foreign national in others, migration background (including 2nd generation) in Germany. The same percentage figure is not the same population.
Fiscal methodologies: Static vs. dynamic models, national vs. federal scope, included benefit categories — all differ. You cannot add or directly compare fiscal figures across countries.
Crime figures are unadjusted raw rates that do not control for age, sex, urban concentration, or socioeconomic status. They do not isolate the effect of immigrant origin per se.